FonIAA
Fonetica e fonologia dell’italiano in Alto Adige
Partecipanti: Alessandro Vietti, Lorenzo Spreafico
L’italiano parlato in Alto Adige si trova al centro di un complicato intreccio di forze sociolinguistiche che trasformano la lingua in un insieme diversificato di varietà linguistiche con grammatiche, funzioni sociali, norme d’uso e significati identitari spesso distinti e divergenti.
In questo panorama molti tratti si addensano attorno a distinti sottosistemi:
- italiano regionale altoatesino (di impronta veneto-trentina),
- italiano di tedescofoni,
- usi veicolari per la comunicazione intergruppo,
- italiano come varietà di apprendimento guidato e/o spontaneo da parte di tedescofoni e immigrati.
Obiettivo del progetto è quello di produrre delle descrizioni dei sistemi fonetici e fonologici delle varietà di italiano di italofoni e di tedescofoni della regione. Tali descrizioni sono basate su dati empirici di laboratorio raccolti attraverso una serie diversificata di compiti comunicativi quali map task, lettura di frasi e parole, brevi interviste.
La prima fase del progetto prevede la caratterizzazione della classe dei suoni /r/ nelle varietà di italiano in Alto Adige con il progetto finanziato dall’ateneo Phonetic systems in interaction.
Phonetic systems in interaction:
Instrumental phonetics description of rhotics in South-Tyrolean Italian
[project funded by Free University of Bozen]
The research is aimed at investigating rhotics in South-Tyrol, exploring the link between spectrographic and articulatory characteristics of sound production. Rhotics constitute a class of sounds which is very difficult to characterize phonetically. Indeed it encompasses an impressive set of r-like sounds between trills, taps, fricatives, approximants and vocalic realizations, ranging in place of articulation from labial to uvular.
Most of the world's languages exhibit a single type of rhotic sound. Nevertheless some languages have more than one, as in the case of Dutch spoken in the Netherlands, which shows high inter- and intraspeaker variation. In language contact situations as in South-Tyrol – where German dialects and Italian coexist– speakers can show a contrast between two rhotic places of articulation, such as the alveolar and the uvular one.
For this reason our aim is to study rhotics’ variability in South-Tyrolean Italian (STI) and to carry out an original, empirically based study, using different methods and instruments.
First of all we will build a linguistic corpus based on self-collected data elicited in South-Tyrol (mainly in Bolzano-Bozen) through map-tasks and reading of targeted lists of words and sentences. Since a pilot study we conducted has shown that the occurrence of back variants in South-Tyrolean Italian spoken by German native speakers is highly correlated with the presence of uvular articulations in their first language, and since no trustworthy data on the attestation of non-apical variants in South-Tyrolean German dialects is on hand, we will collect both Italian and German data samples.
Then we will annotate the data counting on X-SAMPA conventions and provide an instrumental description of the different /r/-sounds retrieved in the corpus depending on PRAAT. Besides we will exploit the potentialities of the recently developed Ultrasound Tongue Imaging technique (UTI) to ascertain place and manner of articulation of ambiguous rhotics attested in the data: Indeed audio-spectrographic analysis often prove inadequate to classify this set of sounds.
Eventually we will seek for contextual distribution of the variants and for possible linkages to both linguistic and extra-linguistic factors. In doing so we plan to offer the first complete account of the phonetic variation of /r/ in South-Tyrolean Italian.
Allegati
Poster LabPhon 11